Do You Know the Worst Times of the Day For Giving a Presentation?

If you have been invited to speak to a group of people and plan to talk for 30 – 40 minutes or even longer, it is important to understand that different hours of the day will result in different responses from your audience. 2 notoriously bad hours for a lengthy presentation are late morning, the hour preceding lunch, and late afternoon, the final hour before the end of the workday. In both situations, it is not easy to keep your audience’s attention.

Your body definitely goes through time rhythms throughout the day in which there are hours when you are more alert and hours when you are tired or fatigued. Whereas speaking at 7 am is tough because many people are still trying to wake up, the evening hours are usually good, especially for those in business who are accustomed to attending meetings and other organizational events after dinner.

Where your presentation is held is also another consideration. If you are going to be speaking in Las Vegas, for example, the morning hours will probably mean low attendance, so it would be wise to schedule your presentation for sometime in the afternoon in the city that never sleeps. In Atlantic City, on the other hand, morning hours would work well because many of those attending workshops, seminars, and conventions in this coastal city are coming from surrounding states or from within New Jersey. Bear in mind that Las Vegas’ tourists or conventioneers are coming from all over the country or even further and will be staying overnight. Atlantic City’s traffic is different than Las Vegas in that the conventions in this seaside city, because they are more localized, often mean that many in attendance may or may not be staying overnight.

What also must be kept in mind is whether you are the only speaker or whether you are one of many on the roster. Giving a persuasive or informative presentation to a group of people who have just listened to a comedian may not be the smartest move. Speaking before the comedian, for example, would be a better spot for you.

While you may not have the opportunity to choose the time for your presentation, much will also depend on your topic and the type of audience to whom you will be speaking. If you are going to give a presentation on maintaining a healthy heart to a group of retirees, it would be wise to avoid the evening hours. Keeping some of these seniors awake after their dinner with a serious presentation on heart healthcare could prove much more challenging than if you were to speak to them in the morning.

If, for example, you have been invited to speak to a women’s business group that meets the first Monday evening of the month, then your time has been scheduled. If, on the other hand, the hour has some flexibility, ask your host about the audience and discuss with this individual what they feel would be the best time for you to speak.

Planning your presentation at an optimal hour or in a good time slot may not always be possible. Should you be invited to speak at an hour in which your audience may not be as alert as you would like, it is doubly important to speak with enthusiasm, with excitement, and with passion to keep their attention on you. If you know they are going to be tired, wake them up!

Net Present Value (NPV) Made Simple

Net Present Value (NPV) concept just means that money now is more valuable than money later on. Why? Simply because you can use money to make more money! You can either start a business with money, or simply put it in the bank to earn interest!

Imagine that your parents just won the lottery and offered you the choice of receiving $10,000 now or next year. Which one would you chose?

If you place the $10,000 in your bank account today and assuming you can earn 4% interest, your money could earn $10,000 x 4% = $400 in a year. In other words your $10,000 now would become $10,400 in a year’s time.

In other words, $10,000 now is more valuable than $10,000 next year. $10,000 now is actually the same as $10,400 next year (at 4% interest).

There are many different ways that people use these terms in the industry.

We can say that the Present Value (PV) of $10,400 next year is $10,000. We can also say that the Future Value (FV) of $10,000 invested today is $10,400 in one year. Using the same logic applied to multiple years (n) and a given interest rate (r) we can link Present Value (PV) and Future Value (FV) to each other by a formula:

PV = FV / (1+r)n

PV is Present Value FV is Future Value r is the interest rate (as a decimal, so 0.04, not 4%) n is the number of years Let’s use this formula to calculate Present Value of $900 in 3 years with 10% interest rate:

PV = FV / (1+r)n

PV = $900 / (1 + 0.10)3 = $900 / 1.103 = $676.18

In some finance books, you see a formula PV(r,n) showing a function of r and n:

PV(10%, 3) = 1 / (1 + 0.10)3

so for the above example you can write PV = PV(10%,3) X $900 = $676.18

NPV and Project Selection

The concept of NPV is often used for selecting projects that are worth doing. You subtract the initial investment on the project from the total Present Values of inflows to arrive at Net Present Value (NPV). You proceed with the project only if NPV is positive.

There are two main formulas for the calculation of NPV:

When cash inflows are even:

NPV = C × 1 − (1 + r)-n / r – − Initial Investment

In the above formula:

C is the net cash inflow expected to be received each period r is the required rate of return per period (or interest rate over the period) n are the number of periods during which the project is expected to operate and generate cash inflows

When cash inflows are uneven:

NPV =C1/ (1 + r)1 + C2 / (1 + r)2 + C3 / (1 + r)3 +… − Initial Investment

where:

r is the target rate of return per period (or interest rate per period); C1 is the net cash inflow during the first period; C2 is the net cash inflow during the second period; C3 is the net cash inflow during the third period, and so on…

In some books Initial Investment is also presented as C0 but with a negative value when you add it in the equation:

NPV = Co + (C1 / (1 + r)1) + C2 / (1 + r)2 + C3 / (1 + r)3 +…

Home Based Business – Online Business Models

Affiliate Marketing

This is one of the quickest, easiest and cheapest ways to get started in an online business. Affiliate marketing requires very little technical expertise to get started. You can realistically get started without having a website. This model also requires the smallest investment.

Physical Product Sales

Selling physical products online is considerably more involved. It can be profitable, but requires a large up front investment and a significant amount of time to run. I am including selling on auction sites in this category.

Services

You can market virtually any service online, but services that don’t have to be delivered locally are best suited to this model. If you are a web designer, graphic designer, writer, photo editor, software developer or something of that nature you can sell your services online either through your own website or through a freelance site such as oDesk.com or Elance.com.

Selling services can be a fairly quick and inexpensive way to generate income online. The downside is that you are trading time for money and your income is restricted to the number of hours you work.

Digital Products

If you have expertise in some area you can create your own product to market online. It could be an information product, photographic art, software or any other product that can be delivered online. The investment and set up time can vary greatly using this model.

Subscriptions

The subscription based model generally involves charging a fee in exchange for access to information, a web based application or entertainment. The setup time for this model can be extensive, but the residual income can be significant.

Advertising

This model can be employed with a relatively low start up cost, but you have to be patient to see results. It takes time to generate a regular flow of traffic large enough to see any real income from advertising revenue.

This kind of business can be set up easily using ad server platforms like Google AdSense, Kontera or Chikita Mini Malls. These are known as contextual ad servers and will place ads on your website that are related to the content of the site. It is very easy to set up, but requires a very large amount of traffic to generate any significant revenue.

The alternative is to sell ad space directly or through an advertising broker. You can rent out the space on your website for a monthly fee or on a pay per click or pay per impression basis. This method takes longer to set up and requires more ongoing maintenance, but can be more profitable.

Network Marketing, MLM and Direct Sales

These business models, while different, are related enough and run in such a similar fashion that I just combined them into one model. The starts up costs vary widely as does the profitability of this model. Usually the main goal of each of these models is the same: lead generation and communication. Most of the good companies provide the websites and product fulfillment freeing up the business owner to focus on marketing.

To learn more about home based businesses and, especially, online business, visit my website. The link is located below.